Everything about Reference Rate totally explained
A
reference rate is a rate that determines pay-offs in a financial contract and that's outside the control of the parties to the contract. It is often some form of
LIBOR rate, but it can take many forms, such as a
consumer price index, a house price index or an
unemployment rate. Parties to the contract choose a reference rate that neither party has power to manipulate.
Examples of use
The most common use of reference rates is that of short term interest rates such as LIBOR in
floating rate notes,
loans,
swaps, short term interest rate
futures contracts, etc. The rates are calculated by an independent organisation, such as the
British Bankers Association (BBA) as the average of the rates quoted by a large panel of banks, to ensure independence.
Another example is that of
swap reference rates for
constant maturity swaps. The rate that's used is calculated daily by an independent organisation, the
International Swaps and Derivatives Association, from quotes from a large panel of banks.
In the
credit derivative market a similar concept to reference rates is used. Pay offs are not determined by a
rate, but by possible
events. In this case, the
reference event has to be a very precisely defined credit event, to make sure there can be no disagreement on whether the event has occurred or not.
Typically the benchmark LIBOR is the three-month rate.
Reference rates for short term interest rates
Examples of reference rates for short term interest rates are:
- Euribor - Euro Interbank Offered Rate
- LIBOR - London Interbank Offered Rate
- SIBOR - Singapore Interbank Offered Rate
- TIBOR - Tokyo Interbank Offered Rate
Further Information
Get more info on 'Reference Rate'.
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